Exodus 21:22
If men striue, and hurt a woman with child, so that her fruit depart from her, and yet no mischiefe follow, he shalbe surely punished, according as the womans husband will lay vpon him, and hee shall pay as the Iudges determine. Exodus 21:22 (KJV)
Context: Exodus 21 is part of the larger narrative of the giving of the Law to the Israelites after their liberation from Egypt. This chapter contains laws concerning slavery, personal injury, and property rights.
Understanding the verse: The passage describes a situation in which two men engage in a physical altercation that results in injury to a pregnant woman. The phrase “so that her fruit depart from her” indicates a premature birth or miscarriage caused by the conflict. The clause “yet no mischief follow” specifies that the woman suffers no further injury. If any additional harm (mischief) does occur, the principle of “life for life” in Exodus 21:23 applies.
Protection of the unborn child: Although the fetus is not called a living being, the text refers to it as the woman’s “fruit,” acknowledging the value and sanctity of unborn life. Causing the loss of this “fruit” is treated as a serious offense that warrants punishment.
Punishment and restitution: The woman’s husband is given authority to determine the punishment for the offender, reflecting his responsibility to seek justice for his wife and unborn child. The judges then decide the amount of compensation to be paid. If mischief follows, the stricter penalty of life for life is invoked.
Principles of justice and accountability: This law underscores the importance of accountability when harm is inflicted upon vulnerable individuals, especially pregnant women. It calls for preventive measures and mandates restitution when injury occurs.
Application today: While rooted in an ancient context, the passage conveys timeless principles of valuing life and holding individuals accountable for their actions. It reminds contemporary believers to protect the rights and well‑being of pregnant women and the unborn, and to pursue justice and appropriate restitution when harm is done.
Interpretive note: Biblical interpretation can vary among traditions and scholars. Consulting a range of commentaries and seeking guidance from spiritual leaders can provide deeper insight into the meaning and application of this verse.
