Numbers 35:20

But if he thrust him of hatred, or hurl at him by laying of wait, that he die;

Numbers 35:20 (KJV)

Context

The book of Numbers, part of the Pentateuch traditionally attributed to Moses, records Israel’s journey from Mount Sinai toward the Promised Land. In this chapter, God gives laws about the cities of refuge and how to distinguish unintentional manslaughter from intentional murder.

In the preceding verses, God commanded six cities of refuge where someone who killed another unintentionally could flee for safety from the avenger of blood until a fair trial. Verse 20, however, describes a case that does not qualify for refuge: a person who thrusts another out of hatred or hurls something at him while lying in wait, causing death.

Meaning

The Hebrew wording emphasizes both motive and premeditation. Hatred points to the internal disposition, while lying in wait indicates deliberate planning. This is not an accident or a moment of negligence; it is a planned act of malice. The verse therefore defines intentional killing as a distinct category from accidental manslaughter.

God’s law treats the heart’s intent as seriously as the outward act. The same action that causes death can be either manslaughter or murder, depending on the motive and preparation behind it. This distinction protects the innocent while ensuring that the guilty are held accountable.

Biblical connections

The consequence for such intentional killing is stated in the following verse: the murderer is to be put to death by the avenger of blood (Numbers 35:21). This capital penalty underscores the sanctity of human life, made in God’s image, and the seriousness of taking it deliberately.

Application

This verse calls us to examine not only our actions but also the intentions of our hearts. Hatred and premeditated harm are not hidden from God. It also reminds us that God’s justice is both protective and fair: He provides refuge for the innocent and holds the guilty responsible.

Reflection

God values every human life and judges both the deed and the motive. As we consider this law, we are invited to search our own hearts and to trust that God, who sees all, will one day bring perfect justice.