“And they gave them the city of Arba the father of Anak, which city is Hebron, in the hill country of Judah, with the suburbs thereof round about it.”
Historical Context: Joshua 21 recounts the division of the land of Canaan among the twelve tribes of Israel after they had conquered the Promised Land. The Levites, who were set apart for priestly duties, did not receive a specific portion of land. Instead, they were allotted cities throughout the territories of the other tribes.
The City of Hebron: Verse 11 mentions the city of Arba, which is Hebron. Hebron was an ancient city located in the hill country of Judah, about 20 miles south of Jerusalem. The name “Hebron” means “association” or “fellowship.” It was a significant city in the history of Israel, especially for its connection to Abraham, who lived there and was buried there along with Sarah, Isaac, Rebecca, Jacob, and Leah.
Inheritance for the Levites: The Levites, as the priestly tribe, did not receive a specific portion of land like the other tribes. Instead, they were given cities to dwell in, scattered throughout the territories of the other tribes. These cities were also known as “cities of refuge” where individuals who committed unintentional manslaughter could find safety from avengers seeking retribution. Hebron was one of the cities given to the Levites.
Significance of Hebron: Hebron played a vital role in Israel’s history. Abraham, the patriarch of Israel, spent a significant portion of his life in Hebron. God made a covenant with Abraham in Hebron, promising him that the land would belong to his descendants (Genesis 15:18-21). It was in Hebron that Sarah, Abraham’s wife, died, and Abraham negotiated the purchase of the cave of Machpelah as a burial place for her. Thus, Hebron became the burial site for the patriarchs and matriarchs of the Israelite nation.
Symbolism and Lessons: Joshua 21:11 emphasizes the importance of the city of Hebron in the distribution of the land. The inclusion of Hebron as one of the Levitical cities demonstrates God’s faithfulness in preserving the inheritance of the Levites. It also serves as a reminder of God’s promises to Abraham and the connection between the present generation and their ancestors.
Furthermore, Hebron’s significance as a city of refuge teaches us about God’s justice, mercy, and provision. The Levitical cities of refuge were designated places of safety, illustrating God’s compassion for those who accidentally caused harm and the opportunity for redemption.
Overall, Joshua 21:11 reminds us of the historical and spiritual importance of Hebron within the context of the Israelites’ inheritance and God’s faithfulness to His promises.
