Mark 2:18

And the disciples of John and of the Pharisees used to fast: and they come and say unto him, Why do the disciples of John and of the Pharisees fast, but thy disciples fast not?

Mark 2:18 (KJV)

Context

Mark 2:18 comes immediately after Jesus calls Levi (Matthew), a tax collector, to follow Him, and then dines at Levi’s house with other tax collectors and sinners. The Pharisees question this association (Mark 2:16), and now the disciples of John the Baptist and the Pharisees come with a related concern about fasting. Their question arises from the common practice of fasting among both groups, who observed regular fasts as a religious discipline.

Meaning

The questioners point out that the disciples of John and of the Pharisees fast, but Jesus’ disciples do not. Their intent is likely to challenge Jesus’ behavior and find fault with His approach to religious practices. Fasting was a recognized expression of repentance and devotion, especially associated with John’s call to prepare for the Messiah and with the Pharisees’ strict adherence to tradition. The question sets the stage for Jesus’ response in the following verses, where He explains that His presence changes the appropriateness of fasting.

Biblical connections

In Mark 2:19-22, Jesus gives a threefold answer. First, He compares Himself to a bridegroom and His disciples to wedding guests, saying it is not fitting to fast while the bridegroom is present (Mark 2:19). Second, He predicts His departure, when the bridegroom will be taken away, and then His disciples will fast (Mark 2:20). Third, He uses two parables: a new patch on an old garment and new wine in old wineskins (Mark 2:21-22). These illustrate that His ministry brings something new that cannot be contained within the old religious framework. The parallel accounts in Matthew 9:14 and Luke 5:33 confirm the same incident, with Luke noting that John’s disciples fasted often and prayed.

Application

This passage teaches that fasting is not wrong, but its practice must be appropriate to the occasion and to one’s relationship with Christ. Jesus’ disciples did not fast because the Messiah was present with them, inaugurating a new era of joy. Religious observances like fasting should be understood in light of Christ’s person and work, not merely as tradition or as a way to compare oneself with others. External practices must flow from a right relationship with Him.

Reflection

Jesus challenges the religious leaders’ narrow understanding of fasting and their legalistic approach to spirituality. He emphasizes the need for a new perspective, rooted in His presence and the joyous anticipation of the Kingdom of God. His arrival brings a shift that requires a fresh understanding of spiritual practices, one that centers on Him rather than on human tradition.