Deuteronomy 20:12

“And if it will make no peace with thee, but will make war against thee, then thou shalt besiege it.”

Context: Deuteronomy 20 provides instructions to the Israelites regarding warfare, specifically addressing their conduct in battle. This chapter outlines various scenarios and guidelines for engaging in warfare, including the instructions for besieging a city.

Historical Context: Deuteronomy was written by Moses as a part of his farewell address to the Israelites, just before they entered the Promised Land.

The Israelites had been wandering in the wilderness for forty years and were about to embark on military campaigns to conquer the land that God had promised to their forefathers.

The Principle of Peace:

• In the preceding verses (Deuteronomy 20:10-11), God instructs the Israelites to offer terms of peace to cities that are outside the land of Canaan.
• God desires peace and reconciliation whenever possible. He encourages the Israelites to pursue peaceful solutions before resorting to war.

The Righteous Response to Aggression:

• Deuteronomy 20:12 addresses the situation when an enemy city refuses to make peace and instead chooses to wage war against Israel.
• In such cases, God permits the Israelites to besiege the city.
• This instruction demonstrates that there are times when conflict cannot be avoided, and it becomes necessary to defend oneself against an aggressive enemy.

The Principles of Just War:

• While Deuteronomy 20 provides guidelines for warfare, it is important to understand that these instructions were given specifically to the Israelites during a specific period in history.
• The principles outlined here should not be applied directly to every situation or era, as the Bible presents a progressive revelation of God’s will and purposes.
• In the New Testament, Jesus taught principles of love, forgiveness, and turning the other cheek (Matthew 5:38-48), which should guide Christians’ conduct in times of conflict.

Application to Spiritual Warfare:

• While the context of Deuteronomy 20 primarily relates to physical warfare, we can draw some spiritual lessons from this verse.
• As Christians, we face spiritual battles against the forces of evil (Ephesians 6:12). In these situations, we must be prepared to stand firm in our faith, resisting the enemy.
• We should also recognize that our ultimate victory comes through God’s power and not by our own might (Ephesians 6:10).

Remember, when studying individual verses, it’s important to consider their broader context within the Bible and understand the overall message of God’s love, justice, and guidance for His people.