Exodus 17 depicts the Israelites’ journey in the wilderness after their deliverance from Egypt. As they camp in Rephidim, they face a severe shortage of water and begin to quarrel with Moses, demanding water to drink. Moses, feeling the weight of their complaints, cries out to God for guidance. The Lord instructs Moses to strike a specific rock at Horeb with his staff, assuring him that water will flow from it for the people to drink. Moses follows the command, and miraculously, water gushes out abundantly, quenching the thirst of the entire nation.
In the midst of this episode, the Israelites encounter a formidable enemy, the Amalekites, who launch an unprovoked attack. Moses appoints Joshua to lead their men into battle, while he himself ascends a nearby hilltop with Aaron and Hur. As the battle commences, Moses raises his hands, holding the staff of God, signifying divine intervention. Whenever his hands tire and drop, the Amalekites gain the upper hand, but when Moses lifts his hands again, the Israelites prevail. Recognizing the significance of Moses’ posture, Aaron and Hur support his hands until sunset, ensuring victory for their people.
Click the following links to delve into the depths of each verse: