“Or in enmity smite him with his hand, that he die: he that smote him shall surely be put to death; for he is a murderer: the revenger of blood shall slay the murderer, when he meeteth him.”
This verse is part of a larger passage found in Numbers 35:which deals with the cities of refuge and the concept of avenging bloodshed. In the Old Testament, God established a system of justice to maintain order and address crimes, particularly cases involving unintentional or accidental killings.
The verse addresses a scenario where a person intentionally strikes another individual resulting in their death, either out of hostility or enmity. It states that the one who struck and caused the death shall be put to death as a punishment for their act. The reason given for this severe consequence is that the offender is considered a murderer:
The concept of avenging bloodshed is an important aspect of ancient Near Eastern law and society. In biblical times, the responsibility of avenging the death of a family member fell to the nearest male relative, known as the “avenger of blood” or “kinsman-redeemer.” The avenger was entrusted with the task of bringing justice to the murderer by slaying them when the opportunity arose.
The purpose behind this system was to maintain the sanctity of human life and deter intentional acts of violence. By holding the perpetrator accountable through the principle of “an eye for an eye,” it sought to ensure that the punishment corresponded with the severity of the crime committed.
It is important to note that this passage is part of the legal framework established under the Mosaic Law:which governed the Israelites during their time in the wilderness and later in the Promised Land. The laws outlined in Numbers 35 provided guidelines for establishing cities of refuge where individuals who accidentally caused the death of another person could seek asylum from the avenger of blood until a fair trial could take place.
As Christians, we understand that the Old Testament laws, including the regulations regarding avenging bloodshed, were part of the Old Covenant and were fulfilled and superseded by the coming of Jesus Christ. In the New Testament, Jesus teaches us about forgiveness, love, and the importance of turning the other cheek (Matthew 5:38-39).
While the principle of justice remains valid, as followers of Jesus, we are called to extend grace and mercy, seeking reconciliation and forgiveness rather than vengeance. Jesus emphasized forgiveness and loving our enemies, teaching us to overcome evil with good (Matthew 5:43-48). Under the new covenant, the focus is on reconciliation, redemption, and the transformative power of God’s love.
In conclusion, Numbers 35:21 highlights the severity of intentional acts of violence and murder under the Mosaic Law:It emphasizes the principle of justice and the responsibility to protect the sanctity of human life. As Christians, while we respect the principles of justice and accountability, we are also called to emulate Christ’s example of forgiveness and love.
