Exodus 21:31

Whether he have gored a son, or have gored a daughter, according to this judgment shall it be done unto him.

Exodus 21:31 (KJV)

Context

Exodus 21:31 belongs to the civil and social laws God gave Israel through Moses. The verse addresses a specific case: an ox that gores a son or daughter. The surrounding passage, Exodus 21:28-32, explains the owner’s responsibility when his ox harms someone. If the ox had a known habit of goring and the owner failed to guard it, the owner was accountable. The phrase “according to this judgment” points back to the penalty already described for an ox that kills a free person.

Meaning

This verse extends the same legal rule to children. The life of a son and the life of a daughter are treated with equal value under the law. The judgment does not change because the victim is young or female. This principle of impartiality reflects God’s character. He does not show favoritism, and His justice applies equally to every person. The verse also shows that negligence leading to harm carries real consequences. The owner cannot escape responsibility if he knew the danger and did nothing.

Biblical connections

The law in Exodus 21:28-32 distinguishes between free persons and servants. Verse 32 sets a different penalty for a gored servant, thirty shekels of silver. This contrast highlights the special value placed on free members of the community, including children. The New Testament later affirms that God shows no partiality, as seen in Romans 2:11. That truth echoes the fairness already present in this early law. The verse also points to the seriousness of human life, which God created in His image.

Application

Believers today can learn from this law about responsibility and care. An owner was expected to protect others from his animals. In the same way, Christians are called to manage their property, time, and relationships so that they do not cause harm. This includes taking precautions to prevent accidents and being willing to make things right when damage occurs. The principle of equal justice also guides daily conduct. Every person, regardless of age, gender, or status, deserves fair treatment and respect.

Reflection

This verse reminds readers that God values every human life and holds people accountable for their actions. It also points to the need for a mediator. Under the law, an owner could face death, but a ransom could be accepted. In the New Testament, Jesus Christ is the ultimate ransom, bearing the penalty for sin and offering forgiveness to all who trust Him. The ancient law shows God’s justice; the gospel reveals His mercy. Both together deepen our understanding of His character and His care for the vulnerable.