But these are they of which ye shall not eat: the Eagle, and the ossifrage, and the ospray, Deuteronomy 14:12 (KJV)
In this verse God instructs the Israelites about certain birds that they are not permitted to eat. The specific birds listed are the eagle, the ossifrage (also known as the bearded vulture or lammergeier), and the ospray (also known as the fish hawk or sea eagle).
The book of Deuteronomy records a series of speeches given by Moses just before the people entered the Promised Land. These speeches serve as a reminder of God’s covenant and provide practical instructions for living in obedience. Chapter 14 deals specifically with dietary regulations, distinguishing clean from unclean animals. The prohibition against these three birds is presented as part of that broader framework.
The inclusion of the eagle, ossifrage, and ospray likely reflects their predatory nature and association with carrion. By avoiding birds that feed on dead animals, the Israelites were protected from potential health risks and were reminded of their call to be set apart as God’s holy people. The dietary laws functioned both as a safeguard for physical well‑being and as a symbolic expression of spiritual separation from surrounding nations.
It is important to recognize that these regulations were part of the Mosaic Law, which was given specifically to Israel in its covenant context. The New Testament records that Jesus declared all foods clean (Mark 7:19) and that the Apostle Paul taught believers are no longer bound by the ceremonial aspects of the Law (Romans 14:14; Colossians 2:16‑17). Consequently, Christians today are not required to observe the Old‑Testament food restrictions.
Nevertheless, the passage still offers valuable principles. It underscores God’s desire for His people to be set apart, to make wise and healthy choices, and to consider both physical and spiritual dimensions of life. The call to holiness and obedience remains relevant, even if the specific dietary commands have been fulfilled in Christ.
Conclusion: Deuteronomy 14:12 provides a clear instruction to the Israelites regarding the birds they were not to eat. While the Mosaic dietary laws are not binding on Christians, the underlying principles of holiness, health, and faithful obedience to God’s commands continue to speak to believers today.
