Joshua 13:22

Balaam also the son of Beor, the soothsayer, did the children of Israel slay with the sword among them that were slain by them.

Joshua 13:22 (KJV)

Context

Joshua 13 records the division of the land of Canaan among the tribes of Israel after their conquest of the Promised Land. This verse appears in the allotment for the tribe of Reuben, where the territories east of the Jordan are being described. The immediate context lists the slain princes of Midian (Joshua 13:21), and this verse notes that Balaam, the son of Beor, was also killed with the sword among those whom the Israelites slew.

Meaning

Balaam is identified here as a soothsayer, one who practiced divination. His background is given in Numbers 22-24, where Balak, king of Moab, hired him to curse Israel. God, however, prevented Balaam from cursing them and instead compelled him to bless them. Despite this, Balaam later advised Balak on how to lead Israel into sin, which is why he was included in the judgment against Midian. The verse underscores that the man who was hired to curse was constrained to bless, yet his later treachery brought about his own destruction. His death was a righteous judgment, as he received his just reward for his counsel against Israel.

Biblical connections

The slaughter of Balaam is also recorded in Numbers 31:8, where it occurred during the expedition Moses sent against the Midianites for leading Israel into idolatry. The mention of Balaam here serves as a parenthetical reminder of his fate, likely because the location of his death was on the boundary line between the tribes of Reuben and Gad.

Application

This passage serves as a sobering reminder that God’s protection over His people is certain, and that those who oppose them, even with spiritual gifts, will ultimately face judgment. It also warns that outward compliance with God’s will, as when Balaam blessed Israel, does not change a heart that remains set against God.

Reflection

Balaam’s account challenges readers to examine their own hearts. It is not enough to speak or act in ways that align with God’s purposes; the inner disposition must be one of genuine loyalty to Him. The judgment that fell on Balaam shows that God sees beyond outward words to the intentions of the heart.