Matthew 20:16

So the last shall be first, and the first last: for many be called, but few chosen.

Matthew 20:16 (KJV)

Context

This verse concludes the Parable of the Workers in the Vineyard (Matthew 20:1-16). In that parable, a landowner hires laborers at different hours, yet pays them all the same wage. When those hired first complain, the landowner answers, “Is it not lawful for me to do what I will with mine own? Is thine eye evil, because I am good?” (Matthew 20:15). Jesus then draws the lesson in Matthew 20:16, which also repeats the principle He stated in Matthew 19:30 just before the parable.

Meaning

The verse has two parts. First, “So the last shall be first, and the first last” summarizes the parable’s point: God’s kingdom does not reward according to human rankings of time, status, or privilege. Those hired last receive the same wage as those hired first, showing that reward comes from God’s generous grace, not from human merit or seniority. The “last” are not those shut out, but those called later—such as late converts or the Gentiles—who share equally in God’s grace.

Second, “for many be called, but few chosen” refers to the external call of the Gospel. Many hear the Gospel and are outwardly called, but fewer respond in faith and obedience. This phrase is repeated in Matthew 22:14 at the end of the Parable of the Wedding Feast, reinforcing that the call is broad while the number of those who truly follow is smaller. The verse warns against self-congratulation and boasting among those who consider themselves first, and it encourages humility and diligence.

Application

This verse calls readers to humility. Those who have served long should not look down on those who come later, for all receive God’s grace. It also urges self-examination: hearing the call is not enough; responding in faith and obedience matters. The verse encourages trust in God’s goodness rather than comparing oneself with others.

Reflection

God’s ways are not measured by human standards of fairness. The parable and its conclusion invite believers to rejoice in God’s generosity, to remain diligent in their calling, and to remember that the first shall be last and the last first in the kingdom of heaven.