Ruth 1:4

And they tooke them wiues of the women of Moab: the name of the one was Orpah, and the name of the other Ruth: and they dwelled there about ten yeeres. Ruth 1:4 (KJV)

Historical Context: The book of Ruth is set during the time of the judges in Israel, a period characterised by cycles of rebellion, oppression, and deliverance. It offers a glimpse into the lives of ordinary people and highlights the themes of loyalty, faithfulness, and redemption.

The Women of Moab: In this verse we learn that Mahlon and Chilion, the sons of Naomi and Elimelech, took Moabite women as their wives while dwelling in Moab. Their wives are named Orpah and Ruth. Moab was a neighbouring territory of Israel, and the Moabites were descendants of Lot, Abraham’s nephew (Genesis 19:37). Their marriage was not in line with the Mosaic law, which discouraged intermarriage with certain surrounding nations (see Deuteronomy 23:3).

Orpah and Ruth: Both women married into the family of Elimelech and Naomi. Although the biblical text provides little detail about their characters at this point, later chapters reveal significant differences in their choices and destinies.

The Duration of Their Stay: Verse 4 records that they dwelt in Moab about ten years, indicating a substantial period of residence. During those years the family endured trials, including the deaths of Elimelech and his sons.

Setting the Stage: This background prepares the reader for the subsequent events of the book. After experiencing tragic losses, Naomi decides to return to Bethlehem in Judah. Ruth displays unwavering loyalty to Naomi and accompanies her, while Orpah chooses to remain in Moab.

Conclusion: Ruth 1:4 supplies essential background information for understanding the circumstances surrounding Ruth and Orpah and establishes the foundation for the narrative of redemption and faithfulness that unfolds throughout the book of Ruth.