1 Corinthians 11:28
But let a man examine himself, and so let him eat of that bread, and drink of that cup.
1 Corinthians 11:28 (KJV)
Context
Paul writes to correct serious problems in the Corinthian church’s observance of the Lord’s Supper. Divisions and selfish behavior had turned the meal into a source of disorder, so he reminds believers of the sacred meaning of the bread and the cup. In this setting, verse 28 gives the proper preparation for coming to the table.
Meaning
The command “let a man examine himself” is personal and direct. The Greek word translated “examine” (dokimazō) means to test or prove something to determine whether it is genuine. This is not vague introspection but a purposeful self-assessment before eating the bread and drinking the cup. Each believer is responsible to test whether he or she truly understands the significance of Christ’s body and blood, and whether his or her life reflects repentance, faith, and love for the Lord and the church.
Self-examination is not a way to make oneself worthy, for no one is worthy of Christ’s sacrifice. Rather, it is the means by which a believer approaches the ordinance in a worthy manner, discerning the Lord’s body. The surrounding verses warn that participating unworthily brings judgment, so this examination is both a safeguard and a gracious invitation to come with a clear conscience.
Biblical connections
The practice of self-examination before communion is rooted in the broader biblical call to test one’s faith and life. Paul’s instruction here echoes the principle that believers should judge themselves so that they will not be judged by the Lord. This is not about judging others; it is about each person taking personal responsibility for his or her own heart before God.
Application
Before partaking of the Lord’s Supper, believers should examine their hearts, motives, and actions. This includes confessing known sins, seeking reconciliation with others, and renewing their trust in Christ’s sacrifice. The examination is not limited to the communion service; it is a pattern for the whole Christian life, as believers regularly test whether their lives align with their profession of faith.
Communion as a Communal Practice: While the command is personal, the Lord’s Supper is also a communal act. The Corinthian church had allowed divisions and abuses to mar the meal, so Paul calls believers to consider their relationships with one another as they come to the table.
Participation in Unity: Self-examination should lead to unity, love, and mutual edification within the body of Christ. As each person examines himself, the church is strengthened and the supper becomes a true expression of fellowship in Christ.
Reflection
This verse invites believers to approach the Lord’s Supper with reverence and honesty. It is a call to examine not only outward actions but the inner condition of the heart. By doing so, believers honor the sacrifice of Christ and experience the fullness of communion with Him and with His people.
