1 Corinthians 14:28

But if there be no interpreter, let him keep silence in the church; and let him speak to himself, and to God.

1 Corinthians 14:28 (KJV)

Context

This verse belongs to Paul’s instructions about spiritual gifts in the Corinthian church, especially speaking in tongues and prophecy. In 1 Corinthians 14:26-33, Paul urges that all things be done for edification and in order, because God is not the author of confusion but of peace. Verse 27 limits public tongue-speaking to two or three speakers, each in turn, with an interpreter. Verse 28 then addresses the situation when no interpreter is present: the one who would speak in a tongue must remain silent in the church and instead speak to himself and to God.

Meaning

Paul’s command is direct: “let him keep silence in the church.” The Greek verb sigato is a strong, deliberate command, showing that the speaker has control over the gift and can choose not to speak publicly. The phrase “let him speak” (laleito) permits a private use of the gift, directed toward God. This private use is not forbidden; it is simply moved out of the gathered assembly. The presence of an interpreter is therefore a prerequisite for public tongue-speaking, because without interpretation the congregation cannot understand the message and is not edified.

Paul’s primary concern is order and edification. Speaking in tongues without interpretation does not build up the church, so it should not be done publicly. The speaker may still use the gift privately for personal communion with God, but the corporate worship setting must remain intelligible and peaceful.

Biblical connections

This instruction aligns with 1 Corinthians 14:32-33, where Paul says that the spirits of the prophets are subject to the prophets, and that God is not a God of confusion but of peace. It also connects to 1 Corinthians 14:26 and 14:40, where Paul emphasizes that all things should be done for edification and in a proper and orderly way. The principle extends beyond tongues: public worship should prioritize intelligibility and mutual edification.

Application

This verse does not forbid speaking in tongues altogether; it regulates its public use. Believers today can apply the principle by ensuring that whatever is done in corporate worship is understandable and builds up others. If a spiritual gift cannot be exercised in a way that edifies the whole congregation, it may be better used privately. The verse also reminds church leaders to maintain order and to value edification over personal expression.

Reflection

Paul’s instruction reflects a heart for both the individual and the community. The private use of tongues remains a means of personal communion with God, but the gathered church is a place for mutual upbuilding. This verse calls believers to consider how their gifts serve others, and to be willing to set aside personal expression for the sake of peace and understanding in the body of Christ.