Leviticus 19:18

Thou shalt not avenge, nor bear any grudge against the children of thy people, but thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself: I am the Lord.

Leviticus 19:18 (KJV)

Context

Leviticus is the third book of the Bible and part of the Torah, the law given to Israel through Moses. Leviticus 19 belongs to a section often called the Holiness Code, because it calls God’s people to be holy in every area of life. The chapter gathers laws about worship, honesty, care for the poor, and relationships. Verse 18 sits within this larger call to live as a community set apart for God.

Meaning

This verse forbids two related actions: taking revenge and holding a grudge. Revenge means paying back harm with harm. A grudge is a lasting anger that refuses to forgive. Both actions tear apart the community of God’s people. Instead, the command is to love one’s neighbour as oneself. This love is not a feeling only; it is active care and respect. The phrase “as thyself” assumes a healthy self-regard, so that we treat others with the same concern we naturally have for ourselves.

The verse ends with “I am the LORD.” This is not a small addition. It grounds the command in God’s own character and authority. Obedience is not merely social politeness; it is worship. Because God is holy and loving, His people must reflect that love in their dealings with one another.

Biblical connections

Jesus called this command the second greatest commandment, next to loving God (Matthew 22:39). He also expanded the meaning of “neighbour” beyond fellow Israelites, as seen in the parable of the Good Samaritan (Luke 10:25-37). Paul later quoted this verse as a summary of the law’s ethical demands (Romans 13:9). The New Testament also teaches that vengeance belongs to God, not to us (Romans 12:19). Human retaliation tries to take a role that only God may fill.

Application

This command still guides believers today. It calls us to refuse revenge, even when we have been wronged. It also calls us to release grudges before they grow into bitterness. Practical love means seeking the well-being of others, including those who have hurt us. A simple example: if a neighbour refuses to lend a tool, we must not later refuse them out of spite. Instead, we show goodwill and forgiveness.

Applying this verse requires a changed heart. We cannot produce this love by our own effort alone. We need God’s help to forgive and to love those who are difficult. As we receive His love, we are able to share it with others.

Reflection

Loving our neighbour as ourselves is a high standard. It challenges us to examine our hearts for hidden anger or unforgiveness. It also invites us to experience the freedom that comes when we let go of revenge and trust God to be the judge. This verse is not just a rule; it is a path to peace within the community of faith. When we love as God commands, we reflect His character and bring glory to Him.