Mark 10:4

And they said, Moses suffered to write a bill of divorcement, and to put her away.

Mark 10:4 (KJV)

Context

This verse records the Pharisees’ reply to Jesus’ question about what Moses commanded concerning divorce. They answer by citing a provision from the Law of Moses, found in Deuteronomy 24:1-4, which allowed a man to give his wife a written bill of divorcement. Their response frames the discussion that follows.

Meaning

The Greek term translated “suffered” (ἐπέτρεψεν) means “permitted” or “allowed,” indicating that Moses did not command divorce but tolerated it under specific conditions. The “bill of divorcement” refers to a formal written certificate of dismissal, as described in Deuteronomy 24:1-4. The Pharisees present this as a defense of their practice, but Jesus immediately corrects them in the following verse (Mark 10:5), explaining that this provision was given “for your hardness of heart.” Thus, the law’s allowance was a concession to human sinfulness, not an endorsement of divorce as God’s ideal.

Biblical connections

In the subsequent verses (Mark 10:5-9), Jesus corrects the Pharisees’ understanding by referring back to the creation account. He quotes Genesis 1:27 and Genesis 2:24, emphasizing that from the beginning God’s intention was for marriage to be a lifelong commitment between one man and one woman. Jesus highlights the sacredness and permanence of the marriage bond, which should not be broken.

In Mark 10:10-12, Jesus further clarifies His stance by saying that whoever divorces his spouse and marries another commits adultery. This verse highlights the distinction between divine permission and divine intention, and it sets the stage for Jesus’ teaching on the permanence of marriage.

Application

Mark 10:4 highlights the discussion between Jesus and the Pharisees regarding divorce, specifically their reference to the provision in the Law of Moses. However, Jesus used this opportunity to reaffirm God’s original intention for marriage and to challenge the prevailing cultural attitudes toward divorce. The passage underscores that the law’s provisions were temporary and accommodative, pointing to the need for a heart transformation that only the gospel can bring.

It is important to remember that while this passage provides guidance on divorce, it does not cover every possible circumstance. The Bible contains other teachings related to marriage, divorce, and reconciliation that can provide further insight and guidance for specific situations.