Proverbs 23:22

Hearken unto thy father that begat thee, and despise not thy mother when she is old.

Proverbs 23:22 (KJV)

Context

The Book of Proverbs gathers wise sayings and practical teachings, most attributed to King Solomon. Proverbs 23 gives instructions for a righteous and disciplined life. Verse 22 focuses on the duty of children toward their parents, especially as parents grow old. In ancient Israel, fathers were heads of the household, responsible for teaching and guiding their children. Mothers were also honored, and their old age was to be treated with respect.

Meaning

The word “hearken” means more than hearing. It calls for attentive listening and a willing, obedient response. The father is described as the one who “begat thee,” reminding the child of the natural bond and the authority that comes with parenthood. His longer experience and love for his child are good reasons to follow his counsel. The command is not merely to hear the father’s words but to act on them.

The second part warns against despising the mother when she is old. Aging may bring weakness, forgetfulness, or dependence. The temptation is to look down on her or treat her as a burden. This verse forbids that attitude and commands continued honor, patience, and care. Honoring parents is not conditional on their usefulness or strength; it is a continuing duty rooted in gratitude for the gift of life and the care received from them.

Biblical connections

This teaching echoes the fifth commandment in Exodus 20:12, which promises honor to those who honor father and mother. That command is not limited to childhood. It remains binding throughout life, and it becomes especially important when parents can no longer provide for themselves. The principle of honoring parents is reiterated throughout Scripture, showing that it is foundational for family relationships and reflects a broader biblical pattern of respecting those whom God has placed in authority.

Application

Children honor their parents by listening to their guidance and by caring for them in old age. Practical care may include visiting, providing financial help, or assisting with daily needs. It also includes speaking to them with respect and defending their dignity when others might mock their frailty. Active listening to parental wisdom and providing for aging parents are practical ways to obey this verse.

• Listen to parental wisdom before making major decisions, even when you think you know better.

• Show patience and kindness when aging parents move slowly, repeat themselves, or need help.

• Speak well of your parents to others, and never join in disrespectful talk about them.

Reflection

Honoring earthly parents also trains us to honor God, our Heavenly Father. When we learn to submit to godly parental guidance, we grow in the habit of obeying God’s Word. This obedience leads to blessing and a wise life. The verse calls for a heart of respect and gratitude, recognizing all that parents have given and all that God continues to give through them.