Acts 2:35

Until I make thy foes thy footstool.

Acts 2:35 (KJV)

Context

Acts 2 records the Day of Pentecost when the Holy Spirit was poured out upon the disciples in Jerusalem. Peter delivered a sermon explaining the significance of Jesus’ death and resurrection and calling people to repentance. In verse 34, Peter quotes from Psalm 110:1, which speaks of the exaltation of the Messiah.

Old Testament Background

The phrase is taken from Psalm 110:1, a Messianic psalm attributed to King David. It speaks of the Messiah’s reign and authority and was highly regarded as a Messianic prophecy among the Jews.

The Ascension of Jesus

In Acts 2:33-34, Peter explains that Jesus, after His resurrection, ascended to heaven and was exalted to the right hand of God. By quoting Psalm 110:1, Peter affirms that Jesus is the fulfillment of this prophecy. Jesus is now seated at the right hand of God, indicating His supreme authority and power.

Enemies as a Footstool

The phrase symbolizes the complete victory and subjugation of the Messiah’s enemies. In ancient times, a victorious king would place his foot on the neck of a defeated enemy, indicating triumph and authority. This imagery points to the total defeat of Jesus’ enemies and His complete sovereignty over all opposing forces. The word “until” indicates a future completion, when all opposition will be overcome.

Meaning

Acts 2:35 is a direct quotation from Psalm 110:1, used by Peter to show that Jesus is the exalted Messiah. The verse underscores the certainty of Christ’s victory and the sovereign plan of God. Christ’s reign is not yet fully realized, but it is assured.

Biblical connections

Jesus Himself quotes this same verse in Luke 20:43 to affirm His identity as both David’s son and Lord, showing that the Messiah is greater than David. This connection reinforces the teaching that Jesus is the fulfillment of the Messianic prophecy.

Application

Acts 2:35 reminds believers of the exalted position and authority of Jesus Christ. As followers of Jesus, we can take comfort and find assurance in the fact that Jesus has conquered all His enemies. We can trust in His power and victory over sin, death, and the forces of darkness. It also encourages us to align ourselves with Jesus’ cause and submit to His lordship, knowing that He is ultimately in control and will bring about justice and judgment in His perfect timing.