Deuteronomy 5:20

Neither shalt thou bear false witness against thy neighbour.

Deuteronomy 5:20 (KJV)

Context

Deuteronomy is the fifth book of the Bible, part of the Pentateuch traditionally ascribed to Moses. Here Moses recounts the giving of the Ten Commandments to Israel as they prepared to enter the Promised Land. This commandment, the ninth, addresses honesty and integrity in relationships.

Meaning

The phrase “Neither shalt thou bear false witness” prohibits giving false testimony or lying about another person, especially in a legal or judicial setting. It stresses the importance of truthfulness when someone’s reputation, rights, or well-being is at stake. The word “neighbour” refers to any person with whom one interacts, not merely a nearby resident. This command applies to all relationships, encouraging respect, fairness, and honesty to promote a just society. It also implies a positive duty to speak truthfully and to safeguard the reputation of others.

Biblical connections

Jesus reiterated the importance of truthfulness. In Matthew 5:33-37, He spoke against making false oaths, teaching that our word should be simply yes or no. That passage directly reinforces the ninth commandment’s call to plain, honest speech. Jesus also taught the broader principle of loving our neighbours as ourselves (Matthew 22:39), which motivates us to avoid false witness and treat others with honesty and respect. The New Testament consistently calls believers to truthfulness and warns against deceit, reflecting God’s own character as a God of truth.

Application

This commandment calls us to be people of integrity, avoiding deceit and falsehood in our words and actions. By refraining from false witness, we show respect for the dignity and reputation of our neighbours. It also calls us to avoid slander, malicious gossip, and character assassination. While the commandment has a legal context, its principles extend beyond the courtroom, emphasizing honesty and fairness in all aspects of life, building trust and strong relationships. Practically, we should speak in ways that build up and protect others, not tear them down.

Reflection

As followers of God, we are called to be witnesses of the truth. This commandment reminds us of our responsibility to speak the truth in love, reflecting God’s character and promoting righteousness. It also points to the need for a heart transformed by God, for our speech flows from the heart. Only through Christ, who is the truth, can believers be empowered to live truthfully before God and others. By refraining from false witness, we contribute to a just and harmonious society while reflecting the character of God, who is the ultimate standard of truth.