Ephesians 1:22

And hath put all things under his feet, and gave him to be the head over all things to the church,

Ephesians 1:22 (KJV)

Context

The apostle Paul wrote the book of Ephesians to the believers in Ephesus. In this verse, he emphasizes the exalted position of Christ as the head over all things to the church. The verse presents two distinct but related truths: Christ’s universal sovereignty over all creation, and His unique, saving relationship to the church as its head.

Meaning

“And hath put all things under his feet”

This phrase signifies the supreme authority and dominion of Jesus Christ. The expression “under his feet” is a figure of complete subjection, showing that nothing in all creation is outside Christ’s authority. The Old Testament background of this imagery is Psalm 8:6, where God puts all things under the feet of humankind; in the New Testament, this language is applied to Jesus, indicating His divine sovereignty and rulership.

“Gave him to be the head over all things to the church”

Here, Paul highlights the unique role of Jesus as the head of the church. God has appointed Him to exercise authority and leadership over all things on behalf of the church. Jesus is not only the head of the universal church but also the head of each individual believer. This headship is not distant or merely positional; it is a living, directing, and life-giving relationship. The second clause narrows the focus from universal rule to the church, showing that Christ’s headship over all things is exercised for the benefit of the church. The church is not merely one among many things under Christ’s feet; it is the special object of His care, the body for which He serves as head.

Biblical connections

The verse moves from the cosmic scope of Christ’s exaltation to the intimate connection between Christ and His people. The church’s security and hope rest on the fact that the One who rules all things is the same One who is head over the church.

Application

By placing Jesus as the head over all things to the church, several important implications arise:

• Authority and submission: The church, as the body of Christ, is called to submit to Christ’s lordship and recognize His authority in all matters. Just as a body responds to the commands of the head, so the church should align its thoughts, actions, and decisions with the will of Christ.

• Unity and diversity: The concept of Christ as the head implies a unity among believers. Though the church is composed of diverse members with different roles and functions, all are under the authority and direction of Christ. This unity in diversity is a beautiful aspect of the body of Christ.

• Source of guidance and provision: As the head over all things, Jesus provides guidance, direction, and wisdom to the church. He equips believers with spiritual gifts and resources necessary for fulfilling the mission of the church. The church can trust in His provision and rely on Him for guidance.

• Hope and encouragement: Recognizing Christ as the head over all things brings hope and encouragement to the church. Despite challenges and trials, believers can take comfort in the fact that Jesus, their Head, has ultimate authority and control over every situation.

Reflection

Ephesians 1:22 underscores the exalted position of Jesus Christ as the head over all things to the church. It highlights His authority, leadership, and provision for the believers. The verse emphasizes the importance of submitting to Christ’s lordship, maintaining unity in diversity, seeking His guidance, and finding hope in His sovereignty. This truth calls believers to trust in Christ’s sovereign governance and to recognize their privileged position as members of His body.