Luke 3:12

Then came also publicans to be baptized, and said unto him, Master, what shall we do?

Luke 3:12 (KJV)

Context

Luke 3:12 belongs to the account of John the Baptist’s ministry, when he called Israel to repentance and baptized those who confessed their sins. The verse shows that even publicans—tax collectors—came to John, convicted by his preaching and seeking baptism.

In first-century Judea, publicans were despised. They collected taxes for the Roman occupiers and often added extra charges for their own profit. Their presence among John’s hearers was striking, because they were considered among the worst sinners.

Meaning

The publicans’ question, “Master, what shall we do?” reveals a genuine desire for practical guidance. They did not ask whether they should repent, but how to live out repentance in their daily work. Their inquiry shows that true repentance is not only a change of heart but also a change of conduct.

John’s answer in Luke 3:13 is direct: “Exact no more than that which is appointed you.” He did not tell them to leave their occupation, but to stop the extortion that made them a byword. Repentance for them meant concrete ethical change—honesty and fairness in their specific role.

Biblical connections

The same question, “What shall we do?” is asked by the crowds in Luke 3:10 and by soldiers in Luke 3:14. John’s response to each group was tailored to their situation, showing that repentance has particular applications for every calling.

Application

This verse encourages believers to bring their own work and daily practices under the lordship of Christ. Like the publicans, we can ask the Lord what repentance looks like in our specific circumstances, and then obey His answer—even when it requires giving up dishonest gain.

Reflection

The publicans came to John because they were convicted of sin and wanted to be baptized. Their example reminds us that no one is beyond the reach of repentance, and that God welcomes those who turn to Him with a sincere heart, ready to do what He says.