Matthew 27:38

Then were there two thieves crucified with him, one on the right hand, and another on the left.

Matthew 27:38 (KJV)

Context

Matthew 27:38 stands in the immediate sequence of the crucifixion narrative. The preceding verse records the accusation placed over Jesus’ head: “This Is Jesus The King Of The Jews.” The following verse describes passersby reviling him and wagging their heads. Within this setting, the verse reports that two thieves were crucified with Jesus, one on his right and one on his left.

Meaning

The Greek word translated “thieves” more precisely means “robbers” or “rebels,” indicating men condemned for serious offenses, not petty theft. Their placement on either side of Jesus was a deliberate mark of shame, associating him with criminals in the eyes of the authorities and the crowd. Yet the wording also carries a deeper significance: Jesus, though innocent, was numbered with transgressors, fulfilling the prophecy of Isaiah 53:12 that the Messiah would be “numbered with the transgressors.” This detail underscores the depth of Christ’s humiliation and his identification with sinners.

Biblical connections

The parallel account in Mark 15:27 confirms the same scene. The presence of the two thieves also sets the stage for the following narrative: both initially join in mocking Jesus (Matthew 27:44), but later one repents and receives Jesus’ promise of paradise (Luke 23:39-43). This contrast illustrates two possible responses to Christ, even in the face of death.

Application

For the believer, this scene highlights the seriousness of sin and the wonder of grace. Christ took the place of a criminal so that sinners could be forgiven. It also serves as a reminder that faith can be exercised even in the final moments of life, as demonstrated by the repentant thief. The verse calls readers to trust in the One who was crucified among sinners, yet was sinless.