1 Corinthians 14:4

“He that speaketh in an unknown tongue edifieth himself, but he that prophesieth edifieth the church.”

This verse is part of a larger section in the book of 1 Corinthians where the apostle Paul addresses the Corinthian church regarding the use of spiritual gifts, particularly the gift of speaking in tongues. In this verse, Paul highlights the importance of edification or building up the church.

Speaking in an Unknown Tongue:In the context of this passage, the phrase "speaking in an unknown tongue" refers to speaking in a language that is not understood by the hearers. It is important to note that the gift of speaking in tongues mentioned here is not the same as the speaking in tongues described in Acts 2, where the disciples were enabled by the Holy Spirit to speak in other languages known to the people present. Instead, it refers to a prayer or utterance in a spiritual language or heavenly language.

Edification of Self:Paul acknowledges that speaking in an unknown tongue can edify the person who exercises this gift. The individual is built up and strengthened spiritually through this personal communication with God. It can enhance their faith, increase their personal connection with the Holy Spirit, and deepen their relationship with God.

Edification of the Church:However, Paul emphasizes that prophesying, which involves speaking God’s message to others in a language that is understood, is more beneficial for the church as a whole. Prophesying, when done under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit, brings edification, encouragement, and consolation to the believers. It serves the purpose of instructing, guiding, and building up the entire community of believers.

Paul’s intention in this passage is not to discourage the use of the gift of tongues but to highlight the importance of using spiritual gifts in a way that benefits the church. He urges the Corinthians to seek gifts that will edify others and promote the common good (1 Corinthians 12:7). In the following verses, Paul elaborates on the necessity of intelligibility in the use of spiritual gifts and the importance of love in the exercise of those gifts.

Overall, 1 Corinthians 14:4 emphasises the need for balance and understanding in the use of spiritual gifts. While personal edification through speaking in an unknown tongue is significant, the primary focus should be on edifying the church through the exercise of gifts such as prophecy that can be understood and beneficial to the entire community of believers.