Acts 23:5

Then said Paul, I wist not, brethren, that he was the high priest: for it is written, Thou shalt not speak evil of the ruler of thy people.

Acts 23:5 (KJV)

Context

Paul stands before the Sanhedrin, the Jewish ruling council in Jerusalem, after being arrested and accused by religious leaders. In Acts 23:2, the high priest Ananias commands those standing near Paul to strike him on the mouth. Paul’s reply in verse 5 is his immediate response to that unjust treatment.

Meaning

Paul begins by saying, “I wist not, brethren, that he was the high priest.” The word “wist” is old English for “knew.” Paul acknowledges that he did not recognize Ananias as the high priest. This may have been because Paul had been away from Jerusalem for several years, and the high priesthood changed frequently during that period, sometimes annually or more often. What is clear is that Paul does not apologize for his words; he simply admits his ignorance of Ananias’ office.

Paul then quotes the Old Testament: “for it is written, Thou shalt not speak evil of the ruler of thy people.” This is a direct reference to Exodus 22:28, which commands the Israelites not to revile God or curse a ruler of their people. By quoting this law, Paul shows that even when he has been personally wronged, he respects the divine order of authority. His immediate submission to this scriptural principle, even after being struck unjustly, demonstrates remarkable self-control and reverence for God’s design.

Biblical connections

The principle Paul cites is rooted in the broader biblical teaching to honor those in positions of leadership. The commandment in Exodus 22:28 was given to Israel to maintain proper respect for their rulers. Paul’s use of this verse highlights his commitment to that principle, even when the authority is unjust or hostile. This does not mean believers must never question or challenge authority; rather, it shows that respect for the office should be maintained even when the person holding it acts wrongly.

Application

Paul’s example challenges us to examine how we respond when we are mistreated by those in authority. He did not retaliate or curse the high priest; instead, he acknowledged his ignorance and submitted to the scriptural command. This teaches us to honor God-given positions of leadership, even when we disagree with the individual or feel wronged. It also reminds us that our words matter, and we should be careful not to speak evil of those who rule over us, while still standing firm for truth and the Gospel.

Reflection

Acts 23:5 reveals Paul’s integrity in a chaotic and hostile setting. He was committed to the law he was accused of breaking, and he maintained his witness by adhering to it even under pressure. His response invites us to consider our own attitudes toward authority and to ask whether we, like Paul, are willing to honor God’s order even when it is difficult. It also points us to the deeper truth that our ultimate allegiance is to God, and our respect for human rulers is an expression of our reverence for Him.