Luke 11:38

And when the Pharisee saw it, he marvelled that he had not first washed before dinner.

Luke 11:38 (KJV)

Context

Jesus has accepted an invitation to dine at the house of a Pharisee (Luke 11:37). In that setting, the Pharisee notices that Jesus does not perform the customary ritual hand-washing before the meal. This washing was not a command from the Old Testament but a tradition developed by the Pharisees, who were known for their strict adherence to religious customs. The Pharisee’s surprise shows that Jesus’ omission was seen as a significant breach of their expectations.

Meaning

The Greek word used in some translations for this washing is “baptize,” which can refer to a ceremonial washing or immersion. The Pharisees had a custom of washing their hands, sometimes up to the elbow, especially after being among a crowd. The Pharisee marvelled that a man of such sanctity and devotion, a prophet, would show no regard for a custom they placed on a level with the commands of God.

Biblical connections

In the verses that follow, Jesus responds by rebuking the Pharisees for cleansing the outside of the cup and dish while their inward part is full of ravening and wickedness (Luke 11:39). This establishes the central contrast between external religious observance and internal moral and spiritual condition. Jesus challenges the Pharisees’ emphasis on external cleanliness, drawing attention to their neglect of the heart and their relationship with God.

Application

This verse reminds us that religious practices and traditions, though valuable in their proper context, should not become a substitute for genuine devotion and righteousness. Jesus invites us to focus on the inward transformation of our hearts, seeking a personal relationship with God, and living a life characterized by love, humility, and compassion. Human tradition, even when religious, does not supersede the weightier matters of the law, such as justice and the love of God.

Reflection

Jesus did not fear the Pharisee’s judgment, and his willingness to dine with the Pharisee shows that his disciples should be conversable and not morose, though cautious about company. The passage calls for a faith that cleanses the inside, not merely the outside.